Engineering guides to water treatment, wastewater, equipment operation and regulations.
Ammonium nitrogen fell by almost three quarters in one hour of contact. How the bed works, how the test was run, and why contact time matters more than composition.
September 2026 · 6 min→Wastewater · Residential · EngineeringSeptic tank retrofit: turning an existing tank into biological treatmentWhen a concrete or plastic septic tank can be kept and fitted with an aerated zone with circulation instead of being replaced, and where this approach reaches its limit.
September 2026 · 7 min→Wastewater · Engineering · UtilitiesWhere a treatment plant's electricity goes: aeration and ways to reduce its shareWhy blowers take up most of a biological plant's power bill, where excess air comes from, and which measures remove it — from the oxygen set point to ammonia-based control.
September 2026 · 6 min→Softening · Operation · HotelsScale or corrosion: how the Langelier and Ryznar indices read a water analysisThe same water leaves a cold pipe untouched and scales up a water heater. How to tell in advance from five values in a water analysis what the water will do to a system, and why softening to zero is not always a good thing.
September 2026 · 7 min→Hotels · Disinfection · OperationLegionella in hotel hot water: where it lives and how it is kept under controlWhy the bacterium multiplies in hot water systems, which parts of the network carry the most risk, and what temperature control, thermal disinfection, chemicals and UV actually deliver.
September 2026 · 7 min→Membranes · OperationMembrane biofouling: how to tell it from scale and how to deal with itWhy biofilm is the most stubborn of all reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration foulants, which data reveal it, how a cleaning sequence is built and what prevents the film from coming back.
September 2026 · 6 min→